R: Symbolic Number Coding

symnum {base} | R Documentation

## Symbolic Number Coding

### Description

Symbolically encode a given numeric or logical vector or array.

### Usage

    symnum(x, cutpoints=c(0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95),
           symbols=c(" ", ".", ",", "+", "*", "B"),
           legend = length(symbols) >= 3,
           na="?", eps=1e-5,
           corr = missing(cutpoints), show.max = if(corr) "1", show.min = NULL,
           lower.triangular = corr & is.matrix(x),
           diag.lower.tri = corr & !is.null(show.max))

### Arguments

`x` | numeric or logical vector or array.
`cutpoints` | numeric vector whose values `cutpoints[j]` == c[j] (after augmentation, see `corr` below) are used for intervals.
`symbols` | character vector, one shorter than (the augmented, see `corr` below) `cutpoints`. `symbols[j]`== s[j] are used as ``code'' for the (half open) interval (c[j], c[j+1]]. For `logical` argument `x`, the default is `c(".","|")` (graphical 0 / 1 s).
`legend` | logical indicating if a `"legend"` attribute is desired.
`na` | character or logical. How `NAs` are coded. If `na == FALSE`, `NA`s are coded invisibly, including the `"legend"` attribute below, which otherwise mentions NA coding.
`eps` | absolute precision to be used at left and right boundary.
`corr` | logical. If `TRUE`, `x` contains correlations. The cutpoints are augmented by `0` and `1` and `abs(x)` is coded.
`show.max` | If `TRUE`, or of mode `character`, the maximal cutpoint is coded especially.
`show.min` | If `TRUE`, or of mode `character`, the minmal cutpoint is coded especially.
`lower.triangular` | logical. If `TRUE` and `x` is a matrix, only the lower triangular part of the matrix is coded as non-blank.
`diag.lower.tri` | logical. If `lower.triangular` and this are `TRUE`, the diagonal part of the matrix is shown.

### Value

An atomic character object of class `noquote` and the same dimensions as `x`.
If `legend` (`TRUE` by default when there more than 2 classes), it has an attribute `"legend"` containing a legend of the returned character codes, in the form

c[1] `s[1]' c[2] `s[2]' ... `s[n]' c_[n+1]

where c[j]`= cutpoints[j]` and s[j]`= symbols[j]`.

### Author(s)

Martin Maechler maechler@stat.math.ethz.ch

### See Also

`as.character`

### Examples

    ii <- 0:8; names(ii) <- ii
    symnum(ii, cut= 2*(0:4), sym = c(".", "-", "+", "$"))
    symnum(ii, cut= 2*(0:4), sym = c(".", "-", "+", "$"), show.max=TRUE)

    symnum(1:12 %% 3 == 0)# use for logical

    ##-- Symbolic correlation matrices:
    data(attitude)
    symnum(cor(attitude), diag = FALSE)

    symnum(cor(rbind(1, rnorm(25), rnorm(25)^2)))
    symnum(cor(matrix(rexp(30, 1), 5, 18))) # <<-- PATTERN ! --
    symnum(cm1 <- cor(matrix(rnorm(90) ,  5, 18))) # < White Noise SMALL n
    symnum(cm1, diag=FALSE)
    symnum(cm2 <- cor(matrix(rnorm(900), 50, 18))) # < White Noise "BIG" n
    symnum(cm2, lower=FALSE)

    ## NA's:
    Cm <- cor(matrix(rnorm(60),  10, 6)); Cm[c(3,6), 2] <- NA
    symnum(Cm, show.max=NULL)

    ## Graphical P-values (aka "significance stars"):
    pval <- rev(sort(c(outer(1:6, 10^-(1:3)))))
    symp <- symnum(pval, corr=FALSE,
                   cutpoints = c(0,  .001,.01,.05, .1, 1),
                   symbols = c("***","**","*","."," "))
    noquote(cbind(P.val = format(pval), Signif= symp))

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