\Header{Hypergeometric}{The Hypergeometric Distribution}
\alias{dhyper}{Hypergeometric}
\alias{phyper}{Hypergeometric}
\alias{qhyper}{Hypergeometric}
\alias{rhyper}{Hypergeometric}
\keyword{distribution}{Hypergeometric}
\begin{Description}\relax
Density, distribution function, quantile function and random
generation for the hypergeometric distribution.\end{Description}
\begin{Usage}
\begin{verbatim}
dhyper(x, m, n, k, log = FALSE)
phyper(q, m, n, k, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE)
qhyper(p, m, n, k, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE)
rhyper(nn, m, n, k)
\end{verbatim}
\end{Usage}
\begin{Arguments}
\begin{ldescription}
\item[\code{x, q}] vector of quantiles representing the number of white balls
drawn without replacement from an urn which contains both black and
white balls.
\item[\code{m}] the number of white balls in the urn.
\item[\code{n}] the number of black balls in the urn.
\item[\code{k}] the number of balls drawn from the urn.
\item[\code{p}] probability, it must be between 0 and 1.
\item[\code{nn}] number of observations. If \code{length(nn) > 1}, the length
is taken to be the number required.
\item[\code{log, log.p}] logical; if TRUE, probabilities p are given as log(p).
\item[\code{lower.tail}] logical; if TRUE (default), probabilities are
\eqn{P[X \le x]}{P[X <= x]}, otherwise, \eqn{P[X > x]}{P[X > x]}.
\end{ldescription}
\end{Arguments}
\begin{Details}\relax
The hypergeometric distribution is used for sampling \emph{without}
replacement.  The density of this distribution with parameters
\code{m}, \code{n} and \code{k} (named \eqn{Np}{}, \eqn{N-Np}{}, and
\eqn{n}{}, respectively in the reference below) is given by
\deqn{
p(x) = \left. {m \choose x}{n \choose k-x} \right/ {m+n \choose k}
}{p(x) =      choose(m, x) choose(n, k-x) / choose(m+n, k)}
for \eqn{x = 0, \ldots, k}{x = 0, ..., k}.\end{Details}
\begin{Value}
\code{dhyper} gives the density,
\code{phyper} gives the distribution function,
\code{qhyper} gives the quantile function, and
\code{rhyper} generates random deviates.\end{Value}
\begin{References}\relax
Johnson, N. L., Kotz, S., and Kemp, A. W. (1992)
\emph{Univariate Discrete Distributions},
Second Edition. New York: Wiley.\end{References}
\begin{Examples}
\begin{ExampleCode}
m <- 10; n <- 7; k <- 8
x <- 0:(k+1)
rbind(phyper(x, m, n, k), dhyper(x, m, n, k))
all(phyper(x, m, n, k) == cumsum(dhyper(x, m, n, k)))# FALSE
## but error is very small:
signif(phyper(x, m, n, k) - cumsum(dhyper(x, m, n, k)), dig=3)
\end{ExampleCode}
\end{Examples}

